Another potentially damaging species, the polyphagous shot hole borer, euwallacea nr. Ilya mityushev, department of plant protection of the russian timiryazev state agrarian university. Journal of agricultural sciences islamic azad university, 278. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles, scolytus schevyrewi and scolytus multistriatus coleoptera. Representatives of tylenchorhynchus, ditylenchus, deladenus, bursaphelenchus, aphelenchoides, chambersiella, goodeyus, cylindrocorpus, poikilolaimus, panagrobelus and panagrolaimus occur as ectoparasites and in the egg galleries and larval mines of scolytus multistriatus. Scolytus multistriatus is the principal vector of the dutch elm disease fungus ophiostoma ulmi buisman melin and nannf in north america, which killed 5075% of the elm population in northeastern north america prior to the 1930s bloomfield, 1979. Moreover, little is known about other fungal species vectored by s. Larvae are small, white grubs found under the bark of dying or dead elms. Scolytus multistriatus scolytidae dutch elm beetle.
Novel and coevolved associations between insects and microorganisms as drivers. Smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus marsham j. The biology of the oak bark beetle, scolytus intricatus. Biology and ecology of native and invasive species. Cambridge core institutional access books catalogue individuals. Smaller european elm bark beetlescolytus multistriatus marsham. The species spectrum was identical and the relative abundance of mites was very similar for both species of scolytids.
Scolytus multistriatus is the principal vector of the dutch elm disease fungus. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus host. Dutch elm disease project gutenberg selfpublishing. Pdf life history and biology of the elm bark beetle. Scolytus multistriatus colonizes cut, stressed, weakened and. Guide to insect borers of north american broadleaf trees and shrubs. This study was initiated to determine whether competitive displacement of s. Role of repellents and deterrents in feeding of scolytus multistriatus dale m. Scolytus multistriatus scolmuoverview eppo global database. Journal of agricultural sciences islamic azad university. Scolytus and other economically important bark and ambrosia.
Smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus. Biology larvae overwinter in pupal chambers in bark schreiber and peacock 1979, usda fs 1985, whitten 1960. Invasive bark beetles coleoptera, curculionidae, scolytinae. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, 1802 other system links. Smaller european elm bark beetle nc state extension. Ultrastructure of sensory receptors on the antennae of.
Its biology was studied in england in monks wood national nature reserve, cambridgeshire, alice holt forest, surrey, and the new forest, hampshire, in 197783. Scolytus multistriatus wy cooperative agricultural pest. Transmission of ded occurs during maturation feeding of adults on twigs of host trees. Scolytus and other economically important bark and. Your use of this pdf, the bioone web site, and all posted and associated. After maturation feeding and mating in the twig feeding phase, the females attack the main tree bole where they construct a longitudinal egg gal. The adults of scolytus multistriatus, the european elm bark beetle, fly to the crowns of elm trees and bore a small hole in the twig crotches see picture at top. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus. Scolytus multistriatus, the european elm bark beetle or smaller european elm bark beetle, is a bark beetle species in the genus scolytus.
Pyemotidae an important parasite of elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus in tehran parks. Nov 22, 2019 first record and biology of pyemotes scolyti oud. Scolytus multistriatus vector of dutch elm disease. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, 1802 english common name. Smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham, is an introduced bark beetle that is one of the two main vectors of dutch elm disease along with the native elm bark beetle, hylurgopinus rufipes eichhoff in the eastern united states and canada. Adults become covered in fungal spores upon emergence from brood material and inoculate elms. Scolytus sexualdimorphismus links weibchen, rechts mannchen. The biological and morphological characters of this species were determined both.
The introductions of these taxa range from species that may have invaded over 100150 years ago e. Nematode parasites and associates of the smaller european elm. Scolytus multistriatus an overview sciencedirect topics. Phoretic mites and nematode associates of scolytus. Pdf scolytus multistriatus associated with dutch elm. World heritage encyclopedia, the aggregation of the largest online encyclopedias available, and the most. Dutch elm disease ded is caused by a member of the sac fungi ascomycota affecting elm trees, and is spread by elm bark beetles. The smaller european elm bark beetle overwinters as a larva and changes into a pupa and then into an adult in the spring. The smaller european elm bark beetle scolytus multistriatus is a vector for the fungus dutch elm disease ceratocystis ulmi and uses ulnus spp. Synthesis of multistriatin enantiomers and their action on.
The antennae of scolytus multistriatus were examined with light and scanning and transmittingelectron microscopy to determine the distributions, types and structures of sense organs. Attraction of elm bark beetles to cut limbs on elm. In southeastern russia, during years of outbreaks s. The sexes mate at this time and then the female may bore into the main trunk and lay eggs in her straight galleries. Distributional data for exotic bark beetles are urgently needed, but they must be based on sound taxonomy. Pdf the taxonomy and biology of eleven genera of economically and ecologically. Southwick 65 the water beetles of miller blue hole, sandusky county, ohio insecta.
Scolytus multistriatus scolmuphotos eppo global database. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles. Scolytus multistriatus smaller european elm bark beetle. Host acceptance and larval competition in the banded scolytus. They pupate in spring, and adults emerge through shot holes. Scolytus and other economically important bark and ambrosia beetles chapter 12 501 areas of pronotum smooth, the arcuately impressed frons and by the nearly contiguous procoxae. Attraction of elm bark beetles, scolytus multistriatus, to. The aim of the present study was to monitor the seasonal flying intensity of s. Infectivity of eight species of entomogenous fungi to the larvae of the elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham volume 95, page 14 an attractant for. Scolytus multistriatus associated with dutch elm disease on.
The smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus, has been the primary vector of the. The biology of some species has been well investigated morge, 1961, 1963. A similar blue stain fungus ceratocystis ips is spread among pine trees by the pine engraver ips pini and other bark beetles. Integrating biological control into conservation practice roy. This species breeds in all species of elms and the related japanese zelkova, but dutch elm disease is primarily a problem in american elm. A pheromone mixture containing enantiomerically pure. Solomon research entomologist retired, southern forest experiment station, southern hardwoods laboratory, stoneville, mississippi from. Although believed to be originally native to asia, the disease was accidentally introduced into america and europe, where it has devastated native populations of elms that did not have resistance to the disease. Scolytus schevyrewi, was much more abundant than the longestablished european elm bark beetle, s. Five years of trapping efforts for the usda aphis ppq national woodboring bark beetle. The underside of the rear is concave, with a noticeable projection or spine. Scolytus jacobsoni is an elm bark beetle occurring in forests of mixed broadleaves with elm trees in asia. A taxonomic monograph of nearctic scolytus geoffroy coleoptera. Scolytus multistriatus marsham, the smaller european elm bark beetle, is a vector for dutch elm disease ded that in the year 2005 invaded the island of gotland sweden.
Aspects of the feeding behavior of scolytus multistriatus, the primary vector of dutch elm. Scolytus multistriatus tunnels on an elm tree killed by dutch elm disease 2014, moscow, russia courtesy. Two of these are the exotic scolytus multistriatus and scolytus. Identification, biology, control and management resources. Insects and diseases of mediterranean forest systems. Scolytus multistriatus is a palearctic species with a native. The smaller european elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus, is dark reddish brown, shiny, and about 1 8 inch long. Characterization of two nonnative invasive bark beetles, scolytus. The rate of establishment of nonnative bark beetle species is accelerating in many parts of the world and is considered a serious threat to forests and forest crops. Johnson1 united states department of agriculture, forest service, wallowa valley office, box a. The book has a number of lists and tables, some of which are very useful. Infectivity of eight species of entomogenous fungi to the larvae of the elm bark beetle, scolytus multistriatus marsham volume 95, page 14 an attractant for mushroom flies diptera. Association of ophiostoma novoulmi with scolytus schevyrewi.
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